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什么是CLDN18.2?

检测CLDN18.2表达可识别既往未被确认的一类G/GEJ腺癌患者亚群。1

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一种预测性生物标志物,有助于深入了解晚期GC/GEJ患者¹

  • Claudin是一个跨膜蛋白家族。2,3
  • 作为紧密连接的组成部分,Claudins参与调节上皮层的通透性、屏障功能和极性。2,3
  • ESMO临床实践指南强调,CLDN18.2是一种晚期胃癌患者的新预测性生物标志物。4

Claudin存在于全身,但CLDN18的两种特定亚型定位于某些组织类型5,6

CLDN18.1

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CLDN18.1是正常和恶性肺组织中的主要亚型。

CLDN18.2

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CLDN18.2是正常胃组织中的主要亚型,在恶性转化中常被保留。

Screengrab of Dr. Matteo Fassan video "What Is CLDN18.2?"
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什么是CLDN18.2

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什么是CLDN18.2

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什么是CLDN18.2

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什么是CLDN18.2

什么是CLDN18.2?

Matteo Fassan, MD, PhD

正常和肿瘤细胞CLDN18染色,放大2倍。

正常和肿瘤细胞CLDN18染色,放大2倍。

临床前数据表明,随着胃肿瘤的发展,CLDN18.2可能会更容易暴露5,7

局限于健康组织

在正常胃粘膜中,CLDN18.2通常埋藏在紧密连接中。

在正常胃粘膜中,CLDN18.2通常埋藏在紧密连接中。5,7

恶性转化时的保留和暴露

CLDN18.2 exposed due to cell polarity disruptions and structure loss

CLDN18.2在恶性转化过程中常被保留。
当发生细胞极性破坏和结构损失时,CLDN18.2可能更容易暴露。5,7,8

转移性进展时的维持表达

CLDN18.2 expressed in lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma and other metastatic sites

CLDN18.2也可能在胃腺癌的淋巴结转移以及其他远处转移部位表达。1,5,9,10

CLDN18.2在胃癌和胃食管腺癌以及其他腺癌中均有表达。5

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检测CLDN18.2表达可识别既往未被确认的一类G/GEJ腺癌患者亚群1
Graphic showing proportions of CDLN18.2 expression among all samples, and proportion of  samples with 75% of tumor cells expressing of 2+ and 3+ CDLN18.2 staining
根据对晚期GC/GEJ患者进行的两项最新研究:

未见HER2 、PDL1 、dMMR等常见生物标志物的表达率与 CLDN18.2表达相关1,13:

  • HER2
  • PD-L1
  • dMMR

 

数据来自两项单一机构研究。第一项研究在意大利帕多瓦进行,包括一系列晚期胃癌(n=280)和胃食管癌患者(n=70)。1第二项研究在408例日本晚期GC/GEJ患者中进行。13

 

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CLDN18.2表达谱在多个组织病理学参数中相似18

  • 在GC/GEJ的切除(37.6%)和活检(38.6%)样本之间
  • 胃癌(39.9%)和胃食管交界癌(37.5%)
  • 在GC/GEJ的近端(44%)和远端(5.3%)之间
  • 存档和基线(研究筛选)时的GC/GEJ组织*
    • 在筛选(存档)和基线时收集的样本间,观察到CLDN18.2表达的一致性为61.1%

*收集存档样本和基线样本的时间不同(21至1306天)。

 

胃癌切除术

CLDN18染色的正常胃上皮和肿瘤细胞(放大2倍)。

CLDN18染色的正常胃上皮和肿瘤细胞(放大2倍)。

 

胃癌活检

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CLDN18染色的肿瘤样本与周围正常胃腺(放大5倍)。

CLDN18.2在GC/GEJ中表达一致。

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原发性和转移性样本之间的高度一致性

GC/GEJ患者的数据表明,CLDN18.2表达在原发性和转移性肿瘤样本之间表现出高度一致性。9

在523例原发性G/GEJ腺癌和135例配对匹配、同时性转移的研究中9

86.7%
匹配的原发性和转移性样本之间的膜染色一致性9
CLDN18.2表达显示瘤内异质性

与HER2等其他生物标志物的情况一样,CLDN18.2表达可能在肿瘤内表现出变异性,采样时应考虑到这一点。9,19

在同一研究中证实了原发性和转移性样本之间的高度一致性,CLDN18.2表达的瘤内异质性发生于9

  • 40.3%

    的原发性GC肿瘤中

  • 33.6%

    的原发性GEC肿瘤中

  • 28.8%

    的淋巴结转移中。



CLDN,claudin;CLDN18.2,claudin 18亚型2;GC,胃癌;GEC,胃食管癌;G/GEJ,胃/胃食管交界处;HER2,人表皮生长因子受体-2;IHC,免疫组织化学;TMA,组织微阵列。

MatteoFassan
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了解有关样品制备和检测的更多信息

 

 

 

如欲了解更多胃癌领域新兴靶点(如CLDN18.2)的信息,您可以关注”安司药闻”微信公众号并注册成为会员用户。

 

如您了解更多关于胃癌领域新兴靶点

 

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参考文献:1. Pellino A, Brignola S, Riello E, et al. Association of CLDN18 protein expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. J Pers Med 2021;11(11):1095. 2. Tsukita S, Tanaka H, Tamura A. The claudins: from tight junctions to biological systems. Trends Biochem Sci 2019;44(2):141-52. 3. Hu YJ, Wang YD, Tan FQ, Yang WX. Regulation of paracellular permeability: factors and mechanisms. Mol Biol Rep 2013;40:6123-42. 4. ESMO Gastric Cancer Living Guidelines (07-2023). https://www.esmo.org/living-guidelines/esmo-gastric-cancer-living-guideline/diagnosis-pathology-and-molecular-biology/article/diagnosis-pathology-and-molecularbiology. Accessed 09-07-2023. 5. Sahin U, Koslowski M, Dhaene K, et al. Claudin-18 splice variant 2 is a pan-cancer target suitable for therapeutic antibody development. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14(23):7624-34. 6. Niimi T, Nagashima K, Ward JM, et al. Claudin-18, a novel downstream target gene for the T/EBP/NKX2.1 homeodomain transcription factor, encodes lung- and stomach-specific isoforms through alternative splicing. Mol Cell Biol 2001;21(21):7380-90. 7. Sahin U, Schuler M, Richly H, et al. A phase I dose-escalation study of IMAB362 (Zolbetuximab) in patients with advanced gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Eur J Cancer 2018;100:17-26. 8. Lamouille S, Xu J, Derynck R. Molecular mechanisms of epithelialmesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014;15(3):178–96. 9. Coati I, Lotz G, Fanelli GN, et al. Claudin-18 expression in oesophagogastric adenocarcinomas: a tissue microarray study of 523 molecularly profiled cases. Br J Cancer 2019;121(3):257-63. 10. Rohde C, Yamaguchi R, Mukhina S, Sahin U, Itoh K, Türeci O. Comparison of claudin 18.2 expression in primary tumors and lymph node metastases in Japanese patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2019;49(9):870-6. 11. Shitara K, Lordick F, Bang YJ, et al. Zolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 in patients with CLDN18.2-positive, HER2-negative, untreated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (SPOTLIGHT): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2023;401(10389):1655-68. 12. Xu RH, Shitara K, Ajani JA, et al. Zolbetuximab + CAPOX in 1L Claudin-18.2+ (CLDN18.2+)/HER2– locally advanced (LA) or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: primary phase 3 results from GLOW. Presented at: March American Society of Clinical Oncology Plenary Series; March 22, 2023. 13. Kubota Y, Kawazoe A, Mishima S, et al. Comprehensive clinical and molecular characterization of claudin 18.2 expression in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. ESMO Open 2023; 8(1): 100762. 14. National Cancer Institute. SEER Cancer Stat Facts: Stomach Cancer. https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/stomach.html. Accessed 04-24-2023. 15. National Cancer Institute. SEER Cancer Stat Facts: Esophageal Cancer. https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/esoph.html. Accessed 05-11-2023. 16. Referenced with permission from the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology(NCCN Guidelines®) for Gastric Cancer V.1.2023.National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2023. All rights reserved. Accessed 03-13-2023.To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to NCCN. org. 17. Referenced with permission from the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology(NCCN Guidelines®)for Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers V. 2. 2023. National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2023. All rights reserved. Accessed 03-13-2023.To view the most recent and complete version of the guideline, go online to NCCN. org.  18. Shitara K, Xu R, Moran D, et al. Global prevalence of CLDN18.2 in patients with locally advanced(LA) unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction(mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma: Biomarker analysis of two zolbetuximab phase 3 studies(SPOTLIGHT and GLOW). Presented at the 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting; June 2-6, 2023; Chicago, IL, USA. 19. Grillo F, Fassan M, Sarocchi F, et al. HER2 heterogeneity in gastric/gastroesophageal cancers: from benchside to practice. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(26): 5879-87.